Drawn Out of Many Waters

Drawn Out of Many Waters

There are no doubt more than six examples we could identify in Psalm 18 that recall the days of Moses and Joshua, but these six are sufficient to show how a psalmist—in this case, David—was aware of, shaped by, and echoed earlier Scripture. As we become deeper readers of the Old Testament, such allusions and echoes will become more apparent to us.

According to Deuteronomy 17:18–20, the king of Israel “shall write for himself in a book a copy of this law, approved by the Levitical priests. And it shall be with him, and he shall read in it all the days of his life, that he may learn to fear the LORD his God by keeping all the words of this law and these statutes, and doing them, that his heart may not be lifted up above his brothers, and that he may not turn aside from the commandment, either to the right or to the left, so that he may continue long in his kingdom, he and his children, in Israel.”

The king of Israel was to be a Torah-man, a Scripture-shaped ruler. Given the integral role that Scripture was to play in the king’s heart, we would not be surprised to find the prayers of such a king being influenced by the Torah.

Psalm 18 is a perfect test case for this idea, because it is long and thus gives us much material in which to notice echoes.

The superscription of Psalm 18 calls David “the servant of the LORD.” The term “servant” is used for various people in the Old Testament, but the particular phrase “servant of the LORD” is applied to only two names besides David’s, and both characters are earlier than he. Moses is called the “servant of the LORD,” as is Joshua.

  • Moses is called the “servant of the LORD” in Deuteronomy (34:5), in Joshua (1:1, 13, 15; 8:31, 33; 11:12; 12:6; 13:8; 14:7; 18:7; 22:2, 4, 5), in 2 Kings (18:12), and in 2 Chronicles (1:3; 24:6).
  • Joshua is called a “servant of the LORD” at the end of the book that bears his name (Josh. 24:29).

If we keep the stories of Moses and Joshua in mind as we read Psalm 18, we can notice several things in David’s prayer.

First, when David described the rescuing power of the Lord arriving to save him, he uses language reminiscent of God’s presence at Sinai.

Read More

Scroll to top