Thus far in our study of the New Testament Christian elder we have limited our search to passages which explicitly include the English translated word “elder” (using the NIV 2011 edition). While the word “elder” itself does come up frequently, the concept of this role within the church is spoken of using a host of various other descriptive words.
Today we will consider the first of the synonyms for Christian elders in the New Testament (there are more than this one, but in attempting to keep this a more digestible read I’m limiting today’s discussion to one): Overseer. In future discussions we will examine other synonymous words and concepts for the elder (such as shepherd, and pastor).
Overseer
The first time we see this word used in the New Testament is in Paul’s speech to the gathered group of Christian elders from the church at Ephesus (Acts 20:28):
20:28 Keep watch over yourselves and all the flock of which the Holy Spirit has made you overseers. Be shepherds of the church of God, which he bought with his own blood. 29 I know that after I leave, savage wolves will come in among you and will not spare the flock. 30 Even from your own number men will arise and distort the truth in order to draw away disciples after them. 31 So be on your guard! Remember that for three years I never stopped warning each of you night and day with tears.
We can make a few initial observations here about Christian elders. (1) the Holy Spirit is the one who has made the elders to be “overseers”. The Holy Spirit of God is intensely involved in the work of the church. One of those very tangible ways the Holy Spirit is involved is through elders/overseers. (2) The position of “overseer” is akin to one watching over, providing oversight. One of the tasks of elders is observational in nature. They are to “keep their eyes peeled” as it were with special focus on the special people of God. Christian elders should provide accountability in a Godly manner for the church. (3) The elders not only keep watch over the flock, but also themselves! This is sequentially the first thing Paul brings to the attention of the Ephesian elders. Not only is there an exercise of oversight from the Elders over the church, but there is also a duty of watching over themselves. Conceptually we see some overlap with Jesus’ teaching in Luke 6:42 and the parable of the plank and the eye. Before exercising another’s speck of a problem, one must deal with the plank of a problem in themselves. Christian elders are not free from oversight, they are established by the Holy Spirit and are held to a lofty standard (more on this later).
The second time we see the word “overseer” used in the New Testament is in the opening words of the letter to the Philippians:
1:1 Paul and Timothy, servants of Christ Jesus, To all God’s holy people in Christ Jesus at Philippi, together with the overseers and deacons: 
We see Paul and Timothy address two major groups, with one group having two subgroups. The first major group are “all God’s Holy People in Christ Jesus at Philippi”. The second major group we may call church servants, or church officers. This second major group is composed of both the overseers and the deacons. We’re left wondering at this point if “overseer” is truly synonymous with elders. Yet as we will see throughout our study, the work of elders is often described with words like “overseer”, and “shepherd”. There is no third group which is singled out or differentiated from elders. There is however a group differentiated from deacons. Therefore, we can conclude that throughout the New Testament there are at minimum two groups identified in church service – elders (frequently called overseers or other titles in connection with their responsibilities) and deacons.

The third instance of “Overseer” in the New Testament is found in Paul’s first letter to Timothy in chapter 3:
3:1 Here is a trustworthy saying: Whoever aspires to be an overseer desires a noble task.
We can make a few observations here. (1) The work of the Christian overseer/elder is something noble. This work is something which may be aspired to, desired, or hoped for. When I think of a “noble task” I think of one particular young man who I’m praying for at the moment. He’s someone I’ve gotten to know a little bit over the last year, and he’s generously signed up to serve in the armed forces as a marine. He’s dedicated himself to all sorts of various tasks and made himself subject to others in authority over him for the sake of serving millions who he will never meet and who will never know his name. That’s certainly a noble task! Paul says to Timothy that this work of the overseer is also a “noble task”! (2) The overseer/elder is a matter of “being”. It is not merely duties attached to a title, a role associated with responsibilities, but is also a matter of existing. It is not merely something to “do”, but rather the New Testament Christian elder is to “be” something. (3) In addition to “being” something, the Christian overseer/elder is also to “do” something as there is a task. We should not reduce the role and work of overseers/elders to only their tasks. Yet we should also not absolve or ourselves neglect the call to action in New Testament instructions for elders. There are things for the Christian elders to “do”.
Paul continues his discussion on elders with a lengthy standard and set of qualities for Timothy to put to use in the church (3:2-7):
3:2 Now the overseer is to be above reproach, faithful to his wife, temperate, self-controlled, respectable, hospitable, able to teach, 3 not given to drunkenness, not violent but gentle, not quarrelsome, not a lover of money. 4 He must manage his own family well and see that his children obey him, and he must do so in a manner worthy of full respect. 5 (If anyone does not know how to manage his own family, how can he take care of God’s church?) 6 He must not be a recent convert, or he may become conceited and fall under the same judgment as the devil. 7 He must also have a good reputation with outsiders, so that he will not fall into disgrace and into the devil’s trap.

The Christian elder in the first century church had responsibility to serve under Christ’s authority, caring for the people of Christ, providing Godly conflict resolution, decision making, teaching, preaching, administrating, praying, serving the sick, and diligently working up a Christ-like sweat while seeking the good of Christ’s people. 

Last post we began to discuss how the New Testament speaks about elders. This discussion was prompted by a great question during a recent congregational conversation: “What are elders?”
Here in written format I’ve begun to answer that question with a simple survey detailing the instances that the word “elder” comes up in the four Gospels and the book of Acts. Today, our discussion moves from the mostly narrative driven accounts of the Gospel and Acts, to the letters written by various Apostles to individuals, and churches in the rest of the New Testament. I’ll continue with the “survey” format, simply citing a passage and giving a brief statement.
In 1 Timothy 4:14 the Apostle Paul was writing to his “true son in the faith” (1:2). As Paul gave instructions to Timothy, he presented a reminder about Timothy’s own ministry which began with the involvement of elders. From this we see that elders are involved even in the training and launching of others into Christ-honoring ministry:
4:14 Do not neglect your gift, which was given you through prophecy when the body of elders laid their hands on you. 
Later on in this same letter to Timothy, Paul describes the work of Christian elders (5:17), the compensation of Christian elders (5:18), dealing with accusations against elders (5:19-20), and strictly forbids any sort of preferential treatment towards elders (5:21).
5:17 The elders who direct the affairs of the church well are worthy of double honor, especially those whose work is preaching and teaching. 18 For Scripture says, “Do not muzzle an ox while it is treading out the grain,” and “The worker deserves his wages.” 19 Do not entertain an accusation against an elder unless it is brought by two or three witnesses. 20 But those elders who are sinning you are to reprove before everyone, so that the others may take warning. 21 I charge you, in the sight of God and Christ Jesus and the elect angels, to keep these instructions without partiality, and to do nothing out of favoritism. 
Timothy wasn’t the only person the Apostle Paul wrote to regarding Christian elders. Titus was one of Paul’s missionary team who was given instructions regarding Christian elders. His task was to carry out the work of appointing Christian elders in the church at Crete. We see included in Paul’s initial instructions to Titus a reminder of his mission to appoint Christian elders (1:5), and a description of qualifications accompanied by reasons for these qualifications (1:6-9).
1:5 The reason I left you in Crete was that you might put in order what was left unfinished and appoint elders in every town, as I directed you. 6 An elder must be blameless, faithful to his wife, a man whose children believe and are not open to the charge of being wild and disobedient. 7 Since an overseer manages God’s household, he must be blameless—not overbearing, not quick-tempered, not given to drunkenness, not violent, not pursuing dishonest gain.
Read More
Related Posts:

Paul gave an account of his own service (20:18-27) to the believers in Ephesus at this meeting with the Christian Ephesian elders. He then gave a solemn charge to the group of elders he was speaking with (20:28-31): 20:28 Keep watch over yourselves and all the flock of which the Holy Spirit has made you overseers. Be shepherds of the church of God, which he bought with his own blood. 29 I know that after I leave, savage wolves will come in among you and will not spare the flock. 30 Even from your own number men will arise and distort the truth in order to draw away disciples after them. 31 So be on your guard! Remember that for three years I never stopped warning each of you night and day with tears. 

During a recent extended congregational conversation, the question arose “what are elders?” This is an exceptional question! The New Testament speaks about elders a LOT. Some of the time New Testament writers (especially in the gospels) wrote about elders referring to the Jewish leaders of communities. In other words, not Christian elders. There is certainly a distinction to be made between Jewish elders, and Christian elders.
For reference, the Gospels speak of elders in the following places as Jewish religious and community leaders: Matthew 15:2, 16:21, 21:23, 26:3, 26:47, 26:57, 27:1, 27:3, 27:12, 27:20, 27:41, 28:12, Mark 7:3, 7:5, 8:31, 11:27, 12:12, 14:43, 14:53, 15:1, Luke 7:3, 9:22, 20:1, 22:52, and 22:66.
The rest of the New Testament speak of Elders (almost) exclusively as Christian’s serving within the local church. The few exceptions are in spots that refer to the actions of Jewish elders within Jerusalem (Like Acts 4:5, 4:8, 4:23, 5:21, 6:12, 23:14, 24:1, 25:15). Besides these passages the rest of the New Testament speak of elders as servants of Jesus caring for and administering Godly decision making in the church.
To give us a starting point for learning about Christian elders I’m going to cite several passages below which speak about Christian elders in the New Testament. Some of these passages are descriptive (describing elders), some are narrative (stories that includes elders), some are prescriptive (instructions for elders).
In Acts 14 we read that it was the Apostle Paul’s pattern to appoint Christian elders within churches:
Acts 14:23 Paul and Barnabas appointed elders for them in each church and, with prayer and fasting, committed them to the Lord, in whom they had put their trust.
In Acts 15:1-2 we read that Paul and Barnabas had a disagreement with another group and their teachings. The group who would settle this disagreement was the apostles and Christian elders:
Read More
Related Posts:

Jesus taught that the Holy Spirit, otherwise named the Advocate in the NIV, would come from the Father and from Jesus. That this Advocate the Holy Spirit would come after Jesus returned to the Father. This Advocate was going to be sent. The Advocate would not be “God’s JV team” although the Holy Spirit is sometimes thought of in this way. The Advocate would be a tremendous helper, teacher, and witness. Jesus saw his earthly departure and heavenly ascension as a great thing. Jesus’ departure was not to be a source of sorrow, but a source of rejoicing as the helper who would come would come being sent by the Father and Jesus the Son. 

Over the past year I am finding myself over and over going back to the Gospel of John and falling more and more in love with Jesus. I hold no grudges against the other gospels of Matthew, Mark, or Luke. Perhaps this is merely a part of my own journey or a phase, but the way how John reveals who Jesus is grows my affection and confidence in our God.
The verb “send” or “sent” is used 32 times in the Gospel of John. Being “sent” matters as it becomes a question of authority, position, power, and jurisdiction. Think of some children playing together. One of them decides to begin climbing a fence. “Hey, you aren’t allowed to do that!” says one of the other children. “Oh yeah? Who sent you to be in charge?” retorts the climber.
Being sent by someone carries with it weight. Representatives act on behalf of others who otherwise are not present. Those who are sent often bear a message, or act on behalf of the sending party. In John’s Gospel the issue of who sent Jesus is one that continually comes up. “πέμπω” (Pempo is how you pronounce this ancient Greek word) is the word that gets used to denote being sent, or sending.
30 out of the 32 uses of this word are by Jesus (the other two instances are people questioning John the Baptist in 1:22 and John the Baptist in 1:33). While teaching Jesus would frequently refer to the one who sent him:
22 Moreover, the Father judges no one, but has entrusted all judgment to the Son, 23 that all may honor the Son just as they honor the Father. Whoever does not honor the Son does not honor the Father, who sent him. (Jn 5:22–23)
36 “I have testimony weightier than that of John. For the works that the Father has given me to finish—the very works that I am doing—testify that the Father has sent me. (Jn 5:36)

38 For I have come down from heaven not to do my will but to do the will of him who sent me. (Jn 6:38)

16 But if I do judge, my decisions are true, because I am not alone. I stand with the Father, who sent me. (Jn 8:16)

24 Anyone who does not love me will not obey my teaching. These words you hear are not my own; they belong to the Father who sent me. (Jn 14:24)

5 but now I am going to him who sent me. (Jn 16:5)

Jesus was continually referring, revealing, and teaching about the one who sent him. In this way Jesus was sent.

Read More

Have you ever looked out over a large body of water as the sun rises or sets? The water can look magnificent with the shining light beaming across the glittering waves. From the shore you may be able to make out the direction of the current if the water is a river, or perhaps make out a distant sandbar or drop off if it is a lake, sea, or the ocean. With all the beauty your eyes can behold, you’ve only just begun to get a glimpse of the water.
How deep does that water go down? How fast is it moving? Is it moving at all? Is the water warm? How far will you be able to wade into the water before it would be at your ankles, your knees, your waist?
Looking out over the picturesque scene is one way of appreciating, and knowing the water. But it is surely the most introductory way of knowing the water. Your eyes can see a good deal farther than you can touch. Your eyes and observations from a distance have limitations.
What if you did something crazy, and you began to walk closer to the water? What if you took off your shoes to let your feet feel the warmth of the sun on the sand? Could you experience something different, something more by wading into the water? The experience would give you a much deeper understanding by going into the water rather than simply looking from a distance.
Often in our reading of God’s Word, we only take a brief initial reading of a passage. Like driving in a car that is going around a bend near the shoreline, we only get but a moments glimpse of the water. That initial reading is helpful, it’s certainly better than not reading at all. Yet it’s not to be compared to moments spent thinking, conversations had discussing, and prayers given to God over that same passage.
Read More

This isn’t really a “post” per say. This isn’t a thesis delivered through stories, quotes, or persuasion. This isn’t a study, inviting us to dive deeper into an aspect of God’s truth or character. This is more a collection of phrases and thoughts from the last few days.
One of the most moving and amazing things God has shown me over the last few days is the work and person of Christ in what he did.
Often we think of Christ Jesus in terms of what he didn’t do.
Christ didn’t sin (2 Corinthians 5:21).
So all the sins that we are daily, weekly, monthly, familiar with experiencing and committing, Christ abstained from those things. He never submitted to a tempting thought. He never spoke evil. He never did any act which betrayed the Father’s righteous standard.
Often we think about Christ in these terms, what he avoided, fought against, and ultimately didn’t do.
Yet the thought that has grown in me in prayer is the thought of what Christ actively did do. Christ relentlessly committed every thought, every word, and every deed he did to the glory of God the Father.
Read More